Chip Resistors Information on GlobalSpec

Chip resistors are passive resistors with a form factor of an integrated circuit (IC) chip. Typically, they are manufactured using thin-film technology. There are two basic configurations for chip resistors: single resistor and resistor chip array. Single chip resistors are standard, passive resistors with a single resistance value. Resistor chip arrays contain several resistors in a single package. For both configurations, performance specifications include resistance range, tolerance, temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), power rating, operating direct current (DC) voltage, current rating and operating resistors. For resistor chip arrays, the number of resistors in the package is also an important parameter to consider.

Chip resistors are made from many different materials. Carbon-composition resistors consist of powdered carbon, an insulating material, and a resin binder. Cermet resistors are made of ceramic and metallic materials. Carbon film, ceramic composition, metal alloy, metal foil, tantalum, and wirewound chip resistors are also commonly available. Metal-film resistors are produced by depositing a resistive element onto a high-grade, ceramic rod. They are similar, but not identical to metal-oxide resistors. Thick-film chip resistors are made by stenciling a resistive metallic paste or ink onto a base in a process similar to silk screening. By contrast, think-film chip resistors are formed by vapor-deposition and then trimmed to a specific value.

Chip resistors differ in terms of categories, applications, features and packing methods. Categories include fusible, current sensing, high current, high frequency, high voltage, power, precision, surge and telecom chip resistors. Chip resistors for automotive, aerospace, medical or military applications are also available. In terms of features, some chip resistors feature a heat sink or electrically-isolated case. Others are air-cooled, water-cooled, or non-inductive. Chip resistors with a fireproof case or non-flame coating are also available. Devices with an electrically-isolated case or NEMA enclosure are also available. Packing methods for chip resistors include tape reel, rail, bulk pack, tray, and shipping or stick magazine.

Organizations such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL), the International Electrotechnical Commission, and the Canadian Standards Organization (CSA) maintain standards for a variety of passive resistors. Chip resistors that are destined for sale in European Union (EU) nations must meet the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV), and Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEEE) directives. RoHS compliant chip resistors contain only minimal levels of lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether. ELV compliant devices contain only minimal amounts of lead, cadmium and mercury.

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Engineering Calculators Related to Chip Resistors

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Digital Potentiometers

Digital potentiometers are three-terminal resistors with an adjustable center connection. To set the output resistance, a digital signal is sent through an electrical interface.

Potentiometers, Rheostats and Trimmers

Potentiometers, rheostats and trimmers are three-terminal resistors that are used to measure or divide voltages, and to protect or control circuits.

Power Resistors

Power resistors are used in power generation and distribution, high-voltage applications, control systems, and other power system applications. They include load banks, grounding resistors, and dynamic braking resistors.

Resistor, Capacitor Networks

Resistor, capacitor networks (RC networks) are integrated circuits (ICs) that contain resistor-capacitor arrays in a single chip.

Resistors

Resistors are electrical components that oppose the flow of either direct or alternating current. They are used to protect, operate, or control circuits.

Resistors and Potentiometers

Resistors and potentiometers are passive electronic components that oppose the flow of either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC).

Shunt Resistors

Shunts resistors are connected in parallel with an instrument or component to divert electrical current. They provide an alternate path for current in case of failure.

Engineering Web: Chip Resistors - TechBriefs

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